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KMID : 0191119980130040339
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Journal of Korean Medical Science
1998 Volume.13 No. 4 p.339 ~ p.349
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Genetic events underlying morphological complexity of gastric carcinoma
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Rhyu MG
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Abstract
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Cancer is a genetic disorder in which gene alterations are selected to provide growth advantage by oncogene
activation and/or tumor suppressor gene inactivation. Even marked intra-tumor variation in the histologic
pattern, which is common in gastric carcinoma, is considered a result of distinct oncogenic pathways
coexisting together. The present review describes that most gastric carcinomas arise through two distinct
genetic pathways: microsatellite instability targeting the mononucleotide tracts within coding regions of
cancer-related genes and chromosomal deletion involving tumor suppressor genes. With regard to malignant
phenotypes, microsatellite instability is associated with the intestinal histological type and chromosomal
deletion is correlated with the growth pattern of gastric carcinoma. Moreover, the genetic instability would
in turn lead to an increase in alterations of cancer-related genes. The corresponding cells gradually
manifest diverse neoplastic properties, thus bringing about consecutive subclonal evolution of more
malignant cells. We now have some dues leading to the characterization of phenotypic complexity of gastric
carcinoma based on gene-inactivation mechanisms.
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KEYWORD
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